Dakota Beacon

Picking the right word to explain manmade climate change is tough. Ruse. Charade. Fraud. Scary. Sham. Bogus. Deceit. Ploy. Trick. Phony.

Belief that infinitesimally small man can change climate is the height of conceit.

However, it’s not difficult to state the plight of the crusade. Failure. The crusade is falling faster than the temperature is rising.

TV and radio ads to the contrary, more and more people repudiate the so called “green revolution.” Carbon trading and investments in “green” companies are down. Most people reject CO2 cap and trade legislation once they grasp the intent. Healthy skepticism replaces blind optimism.

Why? Could it be that scandal after scandal has rocked the cause? That the data underlying public policy is fake?

It’s a shame Americans must rely on the foreign press for stories the U.S. mainstream media won’t cover. Yet, what other option is there?

The U.K. “Guardian,” usually an advocate for the manmade global warming scenario, found reason for hesitation recently.

Phil Jones, director of the Climate Research Unit at East Anglia University, was relieved for suppressing the work of skeptics and critics.

The “Guardian” found serious flaws in major data contributions from Chinese weather stations and further discovered principle research documents were missing.

There’s more deception on the ugly global warming con job.

--The United Nations claim that all Himalayan glaciers would melt by 2035 was based on one non-scientist’s fiction.

--Researchers, scanning global temperatures over the last half of the 20th century, had cherry-picked dates for record temperatures.

--The UN incorrectly identified global warming as linked to the rising cost of natural disasters.

The list goes on. A web site that tabulates the ongoing string of stories highlighting the dishonesty of manmade climate change is found at http://www.climatedepot.com/.

Nevertheless, Obama administration apologists maintain a stiff upper lip. NOAA administrator Jane Lubchenco quickly pointed out that “weather is not the same as climate.” Duh, like, freedom is not slavery and war is not peace. Phil Jones, one of the architects of the scandal, recanted and said there was no global warming in the last 15 years. Yet, NOAA maintains that 1998 was the hottest year on record.

Lubchenco sticks to the manmade climate change hoax even when the promulgators of false data on which the deception was based admitted error. There is a word for public policy based on dogma. Propaganda.

That mankind is warming the planet through his activities is pure speculation elevated to the level of scientific fact.

For congress, state legislatures and public schools, the belief in manmade climate change has imposed a decade-long intellectual straight jacket on our thinking about environmental stewardship. As an article of faith, it was settled science because Nobel Peace Prize recipient Al Gore said so. No questions asked.

No one disputes that we should be ever vigilant in our monitoring of air and water pollution. But conservation and good stewardship of natural resources rejects the fantasy of manmade climate change.

And to think that Congressman Earl Pomeroy committed North Dakota to cap and trade legislation predicated on bogus manmade climate change data!

No sane person would hold up the cadre of manmade climate change proponents as scions of Character Counts.

Smart people are backing away from the fraud and deception of falsified data. Only politicians and stubborn ideological nitwits chase that myth and illusion.

The bloom is off the rose. Time to call a time-out on anything alleging manmade climate change. Use that time to separate climate from left-wing liberal politics.

In the mid-1960s a psychiatrist named Dr. Eric Berne wrote a popular rendition of transactional analysis titled “Games People Play: The Psychology of Human Relationships.” His special area of investigation was the dead serious little “games” we play with each other. What Dr. Berne described were not “fun” games, but neurotic rituals in which satisfaction is gained by some people at the expense of others.

This holds true with the game of bipartisanship commonly practiced in the political area.

“Bipartisan” is defined as anything consisting of, or supported by, members of two parties, especially two major political parties. That is the definition of the word.

As practiced, however, bipartisanship is used as a public opinion weapon placed in the hands of the public in hopes of using them to beat an opponent into submission. What is said is one thing. What is done is quite a different matter. It becomes a semantic power game.

Words? Just words? Say one thing; do another. Bipartisanship, as used by Democrats like Senators Conrad and Dorgan and Congressman Pomeroy, simply means that Republicans must compromise their core beliefs to agree with Democrats. Never is there talk of bipartisanship with Obama and the Democrat majority acquiescing to Republican requests.

In May 2009 Republicans asked Obama to include them in discussions on health care. Obama’s response was to send Rahm Emanuel to Capitol Hill to write health care legislation with Democrat leaders behind closed doors shutting out Republicans.

Now, Obama wants a bipartisan meeting on health care legislation scheduled for February 25. The meeting will comprise twelve Democrats and nine Republicans.

There is a very good reason for Obama to call for bipartisanship now. In a congress mired in gridlock on every major issue, words like bipartisan give cover to the Democrat majority. Even with a super majority in congress the Democrats are fractured beyond repair. The House Democrats say “no” to Senate Democrats. Senate Democrats say “no” to House Democrats. Blue Dog Democrats say “no” to everybody. Obama’s problem is not the Republicans. It’s his own Democrats. Republicans can do nothing to stop a unified Democrat super majority.

Bipartisanship is a staged propaganda event, short and simple.

Congressmen Boehner and Cantor offered a cool response to Obama’s invitation in a letter to White House Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel. The text included a series of questions. Here is the gist of the February 8 letter.

--Will the president make available to congress and all Americans any proposal at least 72 hours before a vote?

--Will the president take off the table any intent to rely solely on Democrat votes in order to ram health care through congress?

--Will the president invite officials and lawmakers from state governments to participate?

--Will discussions include experts from the Congressional Budget Office and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid who have determined that current proposals will raise costs, just the opposite of Democrat claims?

Obama’s call for bipartisanship is imaginary transparency. He does not care about Republican ideas. He has called for a bipartisan meeting for two reasons. First, at long last he will fulfill his promise to televise health care negotiations on C-SPAN. Second, he can use the edited transcripts in November to produce campaign propaganda TV commercials supporting Democrats against Republicans.

Bottom line: Survey after survey reveal that Americans don’t like what they see of health care legislation. Most wish the process would start over with a level playing field, not merely be tweaked in bipartisan meetings. President Obama and the Democrat congressional leadership want proposed health care legislation left in tact and have said so.

By trying to force health care on an unwilling America the Democrats, at their peril, are governing against the will of the people. They play a dead serious game in doing so.

And this gripes fair-minded Americans.

Dennis M. Patrick can be contacted at P. O. Box 337, Stanley, ND 58784 or (JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address).

So many -illions. Millions. Billions. Trillions. What’s next? Try quadrillion. That would be a “1” with 15 zeros behind it. Get used to it. It will soon be part of our lexicon.

President Obama submitted his 2011 budget on February 2. In a word, the president wants to spend $3.83 trillion in 2011 creating a deficit of $1.27 trillion and increasing the national debt to $15.1 trillion.

Obama can play IBF (it’s Bush’s fault) only so long before sounding ridiculous. After a year in office and with his own budget submission creating havoc, he owns the economic malaise. The least he can do is accept responsibility.

It’s not inappropriate to point out that Senator Obama voted for every budget proposal Bush sent to congress. Therefore, President Obama is complicit in any debt or deficit we face.

The effect of congressional meddling is easy to grasp. Spending without financial resources causes a deficit. Congress is famous for this. With no one to buy our debt congress must raise taxes to finance the shortfall. Taxes stifle business. A shrinking business environment generates unemployment in the private sector. An expanding government creates government jobs, but it must raise taxes even further to pay the public employees thereby compounding the problem.

Meanwhile, no new wealth is created although old wealth is consumed. The argument that “stimulus” money will “stimulate the economy” is deceiving. True, it puts money in the hands of people who will spend it, but money going around in circles creates no new wealth. Only the private sector effectively creates new wealth. Government consumes it. When stimulus money runs out and the private sector cannot sustain growth, then what?

We’ve seen it all before during the Franklin D. Roosevelt era. Historically, and with 20/20 hindsight, it is undeniable that the hero of that era, which Obama seeks to emulate, prolonged the Great Depression far longer and deeper with government intervention that it would have without it.

After Obama delivered his budget, it’s now congress’s turn. Typically, when congress finishes adding their earmarks, it inevitably exceeds the president’s proposal. Dollars to donuts North Dakota’s congressman and senators will vote for much more spending than Obama proposed. And Obama’s proposal was obscene.

Senator “Lame Duck” Dorgan has no reason to vote against any spending measure. After November he will no longer be accountable the North Dakotans.

Candidate Pomeroy, in an attempt to cover up his votes for health care and cap and trade, has raised a populist howl over AIG contractual bonuses as if that were enough to divert attention.

Senator Conrad, though not up for re-election until 2012, is already tip-toeing through the minefields playing a confidence game with constituents. On February 4 the “Wall Street Journal” ran a front page story explaining how he is a deficit hawk in Washington and a spendy dove for North Dakota. Watch Conrad’s earmarks in spite of the indignation he voiced upon receipt of Obama’s budget in his Budget Committee.

Obama consciously models his presidency after Franklin D. Roosevelt. Statistics to the contrary, FDR’s image remains that he saved America from the Great Depression. Arguably, FDR’s Great Depression was not a manmade disaster, but unquestionably FDR prolonged the depression through his policies. Deficit government spending generated tax increases leading to greater unemployment. We’ve seen it all before.

FDR created some institutions that may have helped during the depression. We can debate the effectiveness of the Security and Exchange Commission as well as reform of the Federal Reserve system.

Other creations such as the National Recovery Administration definitely hurt the recovery through price setting. The Tennessee Valley Authority killed the private electric utility initiative underway through the Commonwealth and Southern Power Company.

FDR was committed to economic experimentation. A combination of tax hikes and union strikes, both a direct result of Roosevelt’s policies, prevented companies from hiring workers and prolonged the depression. The uncertainty generated by unpredictable policies from New Dealers stifled business growth and expansion.

FDR’s budget doubled between 1931 and 1938 while concurrently unemployment climbed. The CCC and WPA destroyed jobs in the private sector by creating make-work jobs in government. Unemployment peaked in 1933 at 25% and only dropped to 17% by 1940.

From 1929 to 1940 a struggle ensued between the public and private sectors of the economy. The private sector dominated in the beginning, the public sector dominated at the end.

Unlike today’s global warming scam, Obama’s recession is very much manmade. Sadly, it doesn’t have to be this way.

Dennis M. Patrick can be contacted at P. O. Box 337, Stanley, ND 58784 or (JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address).

Sometime between Martin Luther King Day and Groundhog Day America is rescued from winter’s doldrums by the spectacle of the president’s State of the Union speech. This year’s presidential delivery was less a state of the union than it was a lecture to the fractious. It also included another distribution of goodies to “the people.”

President Obama doesn’t like the cards dealt to him of late, to wit: the election of Republican Scott Brown to fill Ted Kennedy’s old seat, the apparent collapse of health care legislation in congress, nagging high unemployment and low poll numbers. What’s a president to do?

Well, he can always apply P. T. Barnum’s dictum to Americans. “There’s a sucker born every minute.”

For its bold attempt at feigning populism, Obama’s discourse was riddled with cornpone and chutzpah. Huey Long couldn’t have done better himself. So, here we have Mr. Obama posing as Mr. Populist.

“Fakery” is the word that comes to mind in describing Obama’s efforts. For him, shifting into populist mode is more political style than substance. Woe to the gullible who swallows his pandering hook, line and sinker.

Simply put, populism characterizes anti-establishment sentiment. It focuses on grassroots democracy and egalitarianism. It extols the amorphous virtues of the “common man,” the “working class,” and the “underdog” in a romantic sort of way. One key point of populist thinking is skepticism about banks.

Attempting to corral populist sentiment, Mr. Obama framed his new strategy in his State of the Union oration. He correctly perceives that Americans are angry. He may not appreciate how angry they are with their government.

Obama believes he can channel American anger, with the help of congressmen and senators, by redirecting it against populism’s old nemeses including big business, insurance companies, Wall Street firms and banks -- especially banks. In reality, this is stirring up class warfare disguised as populism.

In his scolding he assaulted banks, bank profits and a recent Supreme Court decision. Then, he attempted to divide Americans by throwing sops to the “middle-class”: creation of a Middle Class Task Force, tax credits for moderate-income families who pay day care, child-care subsidies for low-income families, tax credits for retirement savings, easier repayment of student loans. The list goes on.

Some people he can string along. But his argument evaporates when he singles out banks selectively for punishment. Why not impose punitive taxes on athletes, Hollywood stars, high tech industries and officials of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac?

At last there is transparency. The foolishness of faux populism is on display, yet some people will fall for the illusion. Depleting bank reserves denies money to those who need it and want to better their lives. Banks exist as a conduit to pass cash from those who have excess cash to those who want or need cash. Without banks where will people turn? Government? And, where does government get money?

As usual, government perverts the process when it inserts itself as a micro-manager. Banks get diverted from their original intent. Our neighbors to the north do not have a banking crisis and Canadian banks did not require bailouts. Why? The Canadian parliament did not force Canadian banks into some quasi-populist sub-prime loan racket. They let capitalism function properly.

With Obama scapegoating the banks under his phony populist crusade, the only folks that will get hurt will be the middle class.

But, what if the people aren’t on board with the populist message? What if Dear Leader looks more like a chameleon than a champion? Let “the people” decide.

Americans aren’t stupid. Many folks can spot a phony a mile away. They’re skeptical of trading freedom for nanny state control of their lives.

For those few who truly believe the phony bologna rhetoric of populism that big is bad; that big business, big insurance and big pharmacy are bad; and that big banks are really bad, then Barack Obama’s their kind of guy. They’ll blindly support him together with the congress that marches in lockstep with him whatever the cost.

Dennis M. Patrick can be contacted at P. O. Box 337, Stanley, ND 58784 or (JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address).

As Christmas 2009 fades, the tangible “stuff” lingers on to join in other “things” as reminders of Christmases past. In particular one item given to me this year is a metaphor of sorts on Christmases past -- the classic history on eleven DVDs titled “The World at War.”

Tersely put, some gifts are more cherished than others. “The World at War” is cherished.

This made-for-television production was first broadcast in 1973 but it wasn’t until the mid-1970s that I gained my first exposure to the series

A classic is defined as something “of the first or highest quality, class or rank.” That’s the only appropriate way to classify this DVD series. “The World at War,” the stellar British documentary of World War II, is the definitive visual record of the war, the events leading up to the war and its aftermath thus setting the scene for the Cold War.

This landmark series comprises rare interviews with eyewitness participants including veterans, survivors, ordinary men and women and political notables of the period. It brings together a collection of powerful visual documentation produced by both the Allies and the Axis powers and compiled from the archives of eighteen nations. It includes footage from newsreels, official sources, home movies and propaganda pieces.

I find truly amazing that such a quantity of documentation has been so well preserved and archived. Contributions span the period 1933 through 1945 including Pearl Harbor, the Final Solution, the bombing of Hiroshima and the reckoning of the world war and beyond.

“The World at War” has been favorably compared to Edward Gibbons’ “Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.” The series offers an incomparable remembrance of the greatest period of the 20th century. It creates an unbelievable panorama illustrating the breadth and scope of World War II as well as the events leading to it and its influence on the events following.

Although the series contains a fair amount of military footage, it is not all graphic combat. Economic, social and political events factor into an intelligible portrayal of the century’s landmark event with combat footage placed in context.

In a world of imagery, where sociologist Neil Postman bemoans the decline of the printed word in his book “Amusing Ourselves to Death,” this DVD series excels as a masterpiece. It is far more than entertainment. It captures for all time an era never to be forgotten and emblazons it upon the memory.

Originally produced by Jeremy Isaacs for Thames Television, the series includes 26 hour-long episodes spanning a wealth of material together with bonus interviews with Sir Jeremy, Stephen Ambrose and others. For his effort, Jeremy Isaacs was knighted by Queen Elizabeth. The series soon appeared on video cassette before being digitally remastered and released by A&E in its current DVD format.

This documentary is far better than anything produced on World War II by the History Channel, PBS or A&E. It is certainly better than anything to come out of Hollywood including the realistic film “Saving Private Ryan.”

I particularly enjoy the absence of political correctness so prevalent in today’s productions. An analytical perspective of a world at war that claimed fifty million lives is seldom achieved without bias. If there is any bias in this definitive visual account of World War II it would be toward the British interpretation of the war.

I continue to appreciate this visual chronicle as I always have. It’s quite gratifying to survey and recall the fine material once again presented after so many years.

No student’s education is complete without viewing at least some of the episodes of “The World at War.” It is an unforgettable viewing experience and cannot be praised highly enough.

Dennis M. Patrick can be contacted at P. O. Box 337, Stanley, ND 58784 or (JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address).

A new addition to our extended family arrived in early December and, consequently, added a new round of Christmas memories. Our son and his wife were blessed with a new baby girl on December 1st and we hovered  unobtrusively over the family through the holidays.

Every time I hold a newborn infant I marvel at the delicate features, the helplessness, the utter dependence upon parents and family. I'm in awe of this tiny person, this innocence and the wonder and curiosity in the infant's eyes.

Once, and only once, I reflected on the dark fate of so many of my granddaughter's predecessors. For reasons unknown, sinister thoughts arose. One of the horrors of the human race flits through my mind,
thoughts of parents doing unthinkable harm to their own tiny, helpless children. This horror has happened time and again.

Infanticide is the intentional killing of an infant or child. The practice of infanticide occurred on every continent and in every culture, high and low, throughout recorded history. In human behavior, infanticide appears to be the rule rather than the exception.

Justification for the wonton destruction of children emerges under an assortment of stressful and pragmatic conditions. Two of the most frequent reasons were alleviation of poverty and population control.

The scarce supply of food always curtailed population growth. Starvation could be controlled by restricting the number of children allowed to mature to adulthood. While male and female infanticide controlled the population in general, societal prejudice against females characterized many male dominated cultures.

The ritualistic religious killing of children to appease supernatural beings often occurred in ancient times. Carthaginians and Phoenicians sacrificed their babies to their gods. Canaanites burned infants to Baal.

Israelites in the Old Testament were forbidden to burn their infants in sacrifice to the god Moloch.
In Greek and Roman times abandoning infants on dung heaps took place regularly. Egyptian culture was an exception. Egyptians did not practice infanticide and, in fact, had strong mores against it. They would rescue abandoned infants from the dung heaps of Greek and Roman colonists.

Psychological and psychiatric factors instigated infanticide on occasion. The Biblical account of King Herod killing all male children of a certain age in order to alleviate the threat of an alien king is an example.

Sex selection is another factor. Typically human societies maintain a balance of 105 males to every 100 females. Skewed gender ratios outside a range of 102 to 108 males to every 100 females usually infers sex selection by infanticide. Such is the case with "missing generations" of females in India and China. Pre-Mohammed Arabs practiced selection through female infanticide routinely.

The practice of infanticide and child sacrifice in the New World took place at a time when it was largely abandoned in Europe. Eskimos practiced newborn female infanticide by throwing the infant into the sea.
In the Eastern Shoshone tribe there was a scarcity of Indian women due to female infanticide. In southern Texas the Mariame Indians practiced female infanticide to the extent that wives had to be obtained from neighboring tribes. Aztec and Inca practiced infanticide.

Even today, evidence of infanticide exists in New Guinea, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, West Africa and in some regions of India and China. Again, economic reasons are cited although this becomes difficult to understand when assistance is available from wealthy western countries and the United Nations.

Vestiges of infanticide remain with us drawing upon the same justifications. Doing away with unwanted children postpartum is illegal. It's murder. Prenatal disposal of unwanted children, however, is another matter. Abortion, in many jurisdictions, is legal and available without precondition. As opposed to infanticide, the product of conception is believed easier to deal with. Out of sight, out of mind.

From all appearances, the prenatal disposal of infants may soon be institutionalized with the public funding of abortion in the pending health care legislation. Our granddaughter is fortunate to have been born in this day and age and is destined to good health and well-being. She is safe, loved and wanted.
Her parents and grandparents will do whatever it takes to ensure her safe passage through childhood.
Lucky for her.

Dennis M. Patrick can be contacted at P. O. Box 337, Stanley, ND 58784 or
(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address).

On December 1, 2009, President Obama delivered his Afghanistan surge speech at West Point. Four days later, on December 5, Adjunct Professor of International Affairs, General Barry R. McCaffrey (U.S. Army, Retired) released his After Action Report (AAR) prepared as a memo for the Head of the Department of Social Sciences, United States Military Academy. The AAR dealt with his recent strategic and operational assessment of security operations in Afghanistan.

President Obama’s speech was overtly political. General McCaffrey’s AAR provided a realistic military assessment.

In the spirit of full disclosure, I confess my bias. Years ago, as young officers, McCaffrey and I were classmates at the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College sharing tactics classes together. I was as impressed then, as I am now, with his keen intellect.

General McCaffrey based his AAR on a series of personal observations and conversations at the invitation of General David Petraeus, Commander, U.S. Central Command. Given the improbability that his observations would receive coverage beyond a small coterie of professionals, I share them here.

General McCaffrey opened his report by rendering the obligatory kudos to President Obama’s West Point speech. He then deftly pointed out that the speech was “an appropriate political statement which delivered resources to his field commander.” He also took note of the president’s explanation why he would not downsize or withdraw “and face the short term political and military disaster that would immediately ensue.”

With his opening remarks, General McCaffrey frankly acknowledged “there is precious little support for the Afghan operation among the American people. 66% say it is not worth fighting for. Only 45% of Americans and few among his political party approve of President Obama’s handling of the war.”

Continuing with his blunt assessment, the general goes on to state “we are unlikely to achieve our political and military goals in 18 months. This will inevitably become a three to ten year strategy to build a viable Afghan state with their own security force that can allow us to withdraw. It may well cost us an additional $300 billion and we are likely to suffer thousands more U.S. casualties.”

General McCaffrey’s conclusion regarding America’s objective may be summarized in one sentence. “Our focus must not now be on an exit strategy -- but effective execution of the political, economic, and military measures required to achieve our purpose.”

Although the president’s speech was billed as his Afghanistan strategy speech, he spent remarkably little time discussing Afghanistan. It resembled a patronizing lecture to the Corps of Cadets about America’s failures.

President Obama’s speech was very much about placating as many sides of the political spectrum as possible. He never stated clearly the objective of the surge. He did not speak of winning the war. He never used the word “victory.” What he did establish was an eighteen-month artificial deadline for withdrawing U.S. forces from Afghanistan. He did not explain why he decided on eighteen months rather than fifteen months or twenty-four months. Nor did he explain why he authorized 30,000 rather than 40,000 or 50,000 additional troops.

Comparing the president’s speech to the general’s AAR, the general’s report clearly provided substance over form.

Of necessity, the president had to convey a long-delayed decision regarding field commander General Stan McChrystal’s request for reinforcements. The president was not enthusiastic about his obligation to make that decision. The demeanor of his speech showed as much.

Dennis M. Patrick can be contacted at P. O. Box 337, Stanley, ND 58784 or (JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address).

Random bits and pieces from the passing scene make an eye-catching collage.

Health care legislation in its various forms considered by the senate contains various provisions Senator Conrad vows not to support. He states he will not support any measure that contains government funded abortions. He also states he will not support a “government option” health care provision.

Yet, he voted to begin debate on the senate health care bill which passed on Saturday night, November 21, with a vote of 60-39. He could have voted against sending the bill to the senate floor for debate. Instead, he voted with the majority. That means he believes that abortion and a “government option” are debatable with a good chance they will be adopted in a final senate version of the bill. Does anyone really believe he will vote against a final version of a health care bill that contains these provisions?

Speaking of health care, Senator Dorgan informed Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid that he intends to submit an amendment to the senate health care bill for his favorite topic -- drug re-importation. No matter that the amendment would undo the fragile alliance Obama forged with pharmaceutical companies that supported the president’s health care proposals.

The problem with drug re-importation requirements is that pharmaceutical companies selling drugs to countries with price controls, such as Canada, must recoup their losses by increasing prices on drugs and devices sold in the United States. Ergo, U.S. citizens, in effect, subsidize Canadian drugs and drug policies. Pharmaceutical companies can’t sell to U.S. citizens at Canadian prices and remain in business, much less pioneer new drugs and devices.

It doesn’t take an economist to figure out why unemployment keeps rising. As long a government insists on increasing the cost of doing business, businesses will do whatever it takes to remain solvent. That includes reducing the largest business expense of all -- personnel.

Question: What is the easiest way to win an election? Answer: Run in a vacuum. To date, Earl Pomeroy voted for a wildly unpopular health care bill after holding zero town hall meetings at home. He voted for cap and trade legislation which punishes agriculture as well as the coal and oil industries in North Dakota. Finally, he voted for the estate tax which will soundly penalize the agriculture industry. Who is holding him accountable? It certainly is not the Republican Party.

The consummate political putdown is to accuse a neighbor across the aisle of shunning bipartisanship. However, congressional cries for bipartisanship withered following a clear Democrat majority in both houses of congress. With one party in control of congress, who needs bipartisanship?

Bipartisanship may be a conundrum when used in referring to an insoluble problem. Or, bipartisanship, when used as “bipartisan cooperation“ becomes an oxymoron.

Conversely, partisanship is what people vote for and expect. The electorate votes for senators and representatives who will abide their wishes passionately. The people who put officials in office expect them to fulfill certain promises without compromise. They expect principled effort, not wishy-washy moderation.

In any case, Democrats don’t need bipartisanship. They need unity and, to date, don‘t have it.

Americans have advanced to the point where no one is responsible for the consequences of their own actions but everyone is responsible for the consequences of everyone else’s actions. Accountability becomes an American shibboleth. Is this a great country, or what?

Dennis M. Patrick can be contacted at P. O. Box 337, Stanley, ND 58784 or (JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address).

The credibility of manmade global warming, or anthropogenic global warming (AGW), hangs in the balance.

Hoax. Scam. Fraud. Deception. Quackery. Call it what you will. Scandal envelops the global warming advocacy community with a vengeance.

First came word on November 19 that the main server at the British Climate Research Unit (CRU) at the University of East Anglia had been penetrated. Hackers obtained 160 megabytes of spicy e-mails exchanged between leading global warming advocates from around the world. Time and again throughout their e-mails the proponents of AGW allude to the data destroyed, omitted or otherwise hidden in order to advance their AGW pet theory. (See http://www.eastangliaemails.com for the published e-mails.)

The collaborative snow job goes even further. Six weeks earlier came word of the questionable use of tree rings as a means for determining the history of global temperature change. This story came to light when published in “Environment” on September 29 and reported in the “UK Register.”  It challenges the accuracy and truthfulness of several climate change papers used by the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) to advance global environmental policy. The papers were predicated on a “reconstruction” of historical temperature changes derived from the study of tree rings (dendrochronology).

Using tree rings to “reconstruct” global temperatures is controversial at best. This “reconstruction” ignores other ring influences such as CO2 and nutrient intake as well as humidity and rainfall. Worse yet, proactive AGW scientists failed to archive raw data. This makes it impossible for other scientists to check the data or replicate the results.

Turns out only three trees from the Siberian Yamal Peninsula were used, and these were cherry picked to support the AGW pre-ordained conclusion.

Concurrently came the revelation that access to data was denied to skeptical fellow climate scientists for purposes of peer review. Prestigious peer review journals such as “Nature” and “Science” were reluctant to press AGW advocates for data because the journals’ editors themselves shared the AGW biases.

Two Canadian heroes, Steve McIntyre and Ross McKitrick, devoted years to seeking release of the raw data from the CRU. Their determination to verify the tree ring “reconstruction” resulted in the truth of the Yamal data fraud coming to light.

The point? The “consensus” among climatologists for manmade global warming rests on rigged data. In other words, the validity of the AGW claim just went up in smoke.

Any one of these stories ought to be a gold mine for investigative journalists. It is one of the biggest scandals to come down the pike in years. However, as far as the sycophant media is concerned, the stories never happened. Ergo, the scant coverage.

It is hard to believe that scientists manipulated data to advance the manmade global warming notion. Men of repute from the Universities of Arizona, Pennsylvania State, Massachusetts at Amherst as well as the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California conspired to manipulate the data. The entire concept of manmade global warming is contrived.

The perpetrators, of course, blame the hackers. Why would they not turn the tables and plot strategy to discredit those who uncovered the hoax? The stakes are high. To allow the disclosure of the hoax to continue would destroy the reputation of many scientists. Additionally, AGW advocates and their institutions risk the loss of huge amounts of federal grant money.

Implications are enormous. A second global warming treaty negotiated at Copenhagen next week makes no sense at all. The vast amount of greenhouse gas emissions, estimated at 99.7%, is beyond human control. At the same time, the cost to reduce further emissions is estimated to cost over $100 trillion. Much of that cost would be borne by the United States.

The White House remains mum. Oblivious to the scandal, President Obama is traveling to Copenhagen to sign a global warming treaty replacing the Kyoto Accords (which the U.S. never signed). It would obligate the U.S. to substantially reduce greenhouse gas emissions and subsidize reduction in other countries to the tune of billions of dollars. Our lifestyle would change.

Congressional leaders, too, remain silent about the hoax. Congress long ago bought the AGW argument with the passage of cap and trade legislation in the U.S. House. Now the Senate takes its whack at cap and trade.

Are we living in a fantasy world or what?

Hard times tend to drive people back to basics, to their roots, to something more meaningful than temporal prosperity.

Our first president and members of congress shared such an attitude. This attitude differed markedly from America’s older sister across the Atlantic and her revolution. Historians, in their attempt to explain the savagery of the French Revolution, point in part to the secular disposition of French society. American colonists, on the other hand, embraced deeply held beliefs shaped by the recent Reformation in Europe. Beliefs about mankind and the world influenced their attitudes, actions, and the way Americans governed themselves. These views found their way intrinsically into our early documents.

On September 25, 1789, Elias Boudinot of New Jersey introduced into the US House of Representatives a resolution that requested President George Washington to “...recommend to the people of the United States a day of public thanksgiving and prayer to be observed by acknowledging, with grateful hearts, the many signal favors of Almighty God, especially by affording them an opportunity peaceably to establish a Constitution of government for their safety and happiness.”

George Washington accepted the congressional request as a cultural consensus regarding the prevailing Christian precepts. On October 3, 1789, President Washington issued the first Thanksgiving Proclamation. Had the American Civil Liberties Union or a media obsessed with anti-religious bias existed at that time, they would probably have condemned the Proclamation as a bigoted, right-wing conspiracy.

Giving thanks presumes there is Someone to whom thanks is due. To avoid intellectual schizophrenia, we must acknowledge Washington’s context of Biblical Christianity. Here are excepts from Washington’s Proclamation with comment. He recommends:

“...a day of public thanksgiving and prayer, to be observed by acknowledging with grateful hearts the many and signal favors of Almighty God....”

For what should Americans give thanks?

“...for His kind care and protection of the people of this country...;”

We have been blessed with essential security.

“...for the...manifold mercies...of His providence...;”

Nations, like people, do not always exhibit the best behavior. The difference between what America deserves and what America receives we call “mercy.”

“...for the great degree of tranquillity, union, and plenty which we have...;”

People from around the world recognize America as the embodiment of these qualities and are attracted to our shores.

“...for the peaceable and rational manner in which we have...established constitutions of government,...particularly the national one now lately instituted...;”

Others may imitate our Constitution with beautiful language. But, no other Constitution is so rooted in Reformation thinking as is the US Constitution.

“...for the civil and religious liberty with which we are blessed...;”

Other religions did not play such a foundational role in the fundamental precepts of our nation as did Christianity. But, all are beneficiaries enjoying the tolerance and protection found in compassionate Christianity as understood by our knowledgeable forefathers.

“...and, in general, for all the great and various favors, which He has been pleased to confer upon us....”

Amen!

Soon after issuance of the Thanksgiving Proclamation, the document disappeared for over a hundred years. In 1921, Dr. J. C. Fitzpatrick discovered the document at auction. He procured it for the library of Congress for $300 where it now resides.

With our drift toward progressive secularism, many people are uncomfortable with the language and tenor of Washington’s Proclamation. Even schools would prefer superficial stories of turkey, pumpkin pie and strange folk in queer costumes to the Christian precepts and convictions underwriting a great nation.

Benjamin Franklin uttered one of his famous quotes at the close of the Constitutional Convention of 1787. When queried by a lady, “Well, sir, have we got, a republic or a monarchy?” Ben Franklin replied, “A republic, Madame, if you can keep it.”

Dennis M. Patrick can be contacted at P. O. Box 337, Stanley, ND 58784 or (JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address).

I received my letter from Congressman Earl Pomeroy last week with a convoluted explanation justifying his vote for the Affordable Health Care for America Act. In keeping with Speaker Nancy Pelosi’s talking points, he attacked the “evil” insurance industry exclusively for the “soaring” costs of health care, Medicare and Medicaid.

What he didn’t explain is how the cost of the “something-for-nothing” expectations will be borne by a few Americans while at the same time reducing the national debt. The group that takes continues to grow; the group that pays continues to shrink.

Pomeroy’s explanation sounded a lot like the warmed-over justification he used to explain his vote in favor of cap and trade. Possibly his unspoken thought is to reduce everyone to the same level of misery and call it “fair.” Weird. Interchanging equality with egalitarianism insults the public’s intelligence.

Meanwhile, unemployment continues to climb with over 16 million people out of work. Tax revenue continues to slump and government spending, thanks to TARP, chugs on at $200 million an hour. Out-of-control spending coupled with pending national health care plus cap and trade presages monstrous national debt. Where, oh where, is the skeptical media?

Nitpicking the specifics in any of the health care proposals at this time is mere straining at gnats.

                        --Health care coverage for everyone.

                        --Reductions or increases in Medicare benefits.

                        --Competition for private insurers.

                        --Co-ops.

                        --Pre-existing conditions.

                        --So called “death panels.”

We may quibble about the validity of any given issue, but to do so misses the point. It is like rearranging the proverbial deck chairs on the Titanic.

Any way you slice it, if the government is deeply involved in health care, that is, by definition, a government option. Otherwise, why have legislation that reorganizes the entire health care system?

Absent from the health care debate is the biggest issue of all -- the loss of freedom and liberty for all Americans except for the political elite.

For the federal government to appropriate 1/6th of the market economy comprising the current health care system is to control the lives of its citizens. And appropriate they will. Have we so soon forgotten GM, Chrysler, AIG, the banking system and pay “czars” capping pay?

Any aspect of our lives linked to health, which involves most of our behavior, qualifies for federal scrutiny. We’ve already seen isolated efforts involving tobacco and obesity. Subordinating behavior to the health bureaucracy with rules enforced by the IRS is already written into the House bill. Once sweeping health care legislation is enacted, the details will be worked out and managed with regulations and policies written under the Secretary of Health and Human Services and whatever “czars” the executive branch deems necessary.

Government keeps raising the cost of doing business and the handwriting is on the wall. The brain drain has started. In the face of federal takeovers, some former banking and insurance industry executives are testing the waters overseas. Singapore, Switzerland and Dubai are wooing U. S. talent.

If the outrageous health care reforms come to pass, many doctors and other medical professionals contemplate an exodus one way or another. Early retirement is always an option. Otherwise, attractive overseas locations like Costa Rica, with its American enclaves, offer quality environments for medical professionals giving high caliber care at very reasonable prices. Even now some insurance companies are forging arrangements between patients and doctors to fly patients overseas for necessary medical care.

            Senator Conrad!

            Senator Dorgan!

            Please! Stop this insanity! Enough already!

Focus on repairing Medicare and Medicaid with all its graft and fraud, but don’t overhaul 1/6th of the market economy.

Dennis M. Patrick can be contacted at P. O. Box 337, Stanley, ND 58784 or (JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address).

President Obama signed into law the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for Fiscal Year 2010 on October 28, 2009. The signing followed convoluted action by the congress. Funding all activities and procurement for the entire Department of Defense for the fiscal year 2010 beginning October 1, 2009, was the primary purpose of the bill.

With the exception of individuals who have ties to the military, most people have little reason to pay attention to the progress of this legislation. Contrasted with the astronomical cost of pending health care legislation, this year’s Department of Defense budget of $680 billion pales by comparison.

The Pentagon is not the kind of place that can turn on a dime,” said Defense secretary Robert Gates at the NDAA signing. Likewise, American society cannot turn on a dime either, Mr. Gates. Liberals will try anything to advance their cause.

The NDAA’s progress went like this. Appropriately, the original House defense spending bill, H.R. 2647, did not include hate crimes language. Hate crimes language was included in a separate bill, H.R. 1913, which passed the House on April 29 but it wasn’t clear the Senate would pass the bill.

Those in the Senate supporting hate crimes legislation were able to attach hate crimes language from H.R. 1913 to the Senate version of the NDAA, S. 1390. After all, who would vote against “supporting the troops” just because of some measly gay activist amendment? The Senate passed their version of the bill on July 28, 2009.

The House and Senate conference committee reconciled minor differences between their respective versions of the NDAA during the week of October 6 Then, on October 28, 2009, Obama signed the NDAA into law.

If the FY 2010 NDAA drew little public attention, amendments to the bill drew even less. The radical new hate crimes legislation attached to the defense appropriations bill gave it the alternative title of the Matthew Shepard Hate Crimes Prevention Act.

The latest hate crimes legislation is the largest expansion since 1968. It includes “perceived” hate crimes (thought crimes) based on sexual orientation, increased penalties for hate crimes although penalties already exist for these crimes and opens the door permitting prosecution for the same crime at both the state and federal levels (double jeopardy). Additionally, people of faith who speak in opposition to homosexuality on religious grounds may be in violation of this law. Some lucky folks will eventually have to experience grief and legal costs to test the constitutionality of the law in court.

Because the expanded hate crimes legislation would never pass the senate on its own merit, some vehicle had to be found which would avoid a floor debate and the senate would not vote against. The NDAA was the perfect vehicle. Who would dare vote against supporting our troops in harm’s way?

That’s no way to pay respect to our men and women in uniform.

Enter Major Nidal Malik Hasan and the travesty (not tragedy) he perpetrated on November 5, 2009, at Ft. Hood, TX. How ironic that he committed mass murder almost a week to the day after Obama signed into law the NDAA hate crimes provision. Shouting “Allahu Akbar” (“God is great”) he shot 42 fellow soldiers at a processing center before he himself was taken down.

How much of this scenario stemmed from a vibrant diversity of a politically correct society is anybody’s guess. It is known that the good psychiatrist sympathized with suicide bombers, was attempting to contact al Qaeda and that he had no problem with the recruiting station murder of a soldier on June 1, 2009, in Little Rock, AR by Abdulhakim Muhammad. The mainstream media has apologetically airbrushed the story expressing sympathy for the murderer with scant focus on families and survivors who will live with the carnage.

Hasan had not served in Iraq or Afghanistan but was on orders to deploy to the war zone. Therefore, he wasn’t suffering from the current understanding of PTSD -- Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome. The way he has been reported you might think Hasan suffered from a new-fashioned disorder -- a reverse PTSD or Pre-Traumatic Stress Syndrome.

Will Major Hasan be charged with a hate crime under the NDAA that Obama just signed into law? Probably not. His victims were not a protected class of citizens. However, a case may be made that he is an Islamic extremist falling into the category of a home-grown, self-radicalized terrorist.

Dennis M. Patrick can be contacted at P. O. Box 337, Stanley, ND 58784 or (JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address).

When enemy action kills our troops it is unfortunate.

            When political dalliance and indecisiveness kills our soldiers it is inexcusable bordering on criminal.

            Political decision making as the final arbiter of military strategy is the incongruent bane and glory of democracy. This is America’s historical experience, but even more so in the last century.

            KOREA

            The Korean war provides the classic example of unpreparedness produced by political dithering. It began when seven North Korean infantry divisions and an armored brigade, about 90,000 thousand men, poured south across the 38th parallel. Within the first 100 hours Seoul, the capitol of South Korea, fell and the South Korean Army was destroyed.

            In spite of the Cold War danger signs, America demobilized its military rapidly after World War II. So radical was the drawdown that only two infantry companies from the entire Pacific Theater could be mustered. They were thrown into the fray in the face of the North Korean onslaught to fight a delaying action. Only the company commanders and first sergeants of each company survived.

            The war dragged on from June 25, 1950 until July 27, 1953. Hostilities ended between North and South with only a ceasefire agreement, no armistice or treaty. North Korea declared that ceasefire void on May 27, 2009, with the conduct of its second underground nuclear test.

            Every major mistake in Korea, the unpreparedness in the face of a known threat, the eventual intervention of Red China leading to the firing of General Douglas MacArthur and the eventual rise of a nuclear North Korea all resulted from political decisions. Politics cost the United States 33,600 lives in the Korean War.

            VIETNAM

            The embarrassment of Vietnam culminated with a hodgepodge of political piecemeal commitments known as containment. The strategy of limited response and “pacification” was a political decision that protracted the war from September 1959 to April 1975.

            The political decision of containment rather than a strategy to win typified the Vietnam War. Political involvement reached absurd levels with President Johnson planning bombing raids from the basement of the White House. He played with the lives of soldiers rather than allow the field commanders to finish the job quickly and cleanly.

            Congress was not exempt from political interference. Most onerous was the Cash-Church Amendment which prohibited direct military involvement after 1973. As a consequence, Vietnam fell in 1975 at the cost of over 58,000 U.S. dead.

            FIRST GULF WAR

            The Gulf War exhibited one of the finest hours of military professionalism. Within one hundred hours of the attack the entire Iraqi military was in shambles and the elite Republican Guards were crushed. Yet, General Norman Schwarzkopf, instead of attacking west to Baghdad to finish the job militarily, was told to halt his advance. That was a political decision. History might have unfolded differently had he been allowed to proceed to capture Baghdad and Saddam Hussein. There may have never been a need for a Second Gulf War in Iraq.

            AFGHANISTAN

            Six decades after the Korean War the American political elite have learned little from our collective experience. President Obama’s hand-picked commander on the ground, General Stan McChrystal, submitted a request for what he believes it will take to succeed in Afghanistan. That was six weeks ago. His call for resources remains unfulfilled while the American death toll in Afghanistan climbs to the highest level of the war and America’s enemies at home and abroad take heart.

            For all Obama’s eloquence, he is indecisive. Has no set strategy, yet he demurs on General McChrystal’s recommendations. Victory, he told the nation recently on national TV in an allusion to the surrender of Japan, is not something with which he is comfortable. The ongoing conflict in Afghanistan is rapidly devolving into a protracted conflict by political fiat.

            Today’s military is a highly professional and all volunteer force, a tribute to our young people, their leaders and their training. How foolish for the political elite to abuse this precious resource by ignoring good military strategy as laid out by General McChrystal in favor of political dithering.

            Either the president should show confidence in his handpicked field commander and accept McChrystal’s recommendations, or pull the troops out. Let the national security chips fall where they may.

Dennis M. Patrick can be contacted at P. O. Box 337, Stanley, ND 58784 or (JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address).

Language in general, and English in particular, is fascinating and engaging. Its construction, usage and evolution offer hours for investigation. So why truncate the language when it’s possible to express one’s self precisely? Good question. What answer? Take clichés for example. A good dictionary definition of a cliché is a trite, stereotyped phrase or term that attempts to express a popular thought or idea but that has lost its originality through overuse. Such words and phrases are reduced to bromides, platitudes. Like idioms that have no literal meaning, clichés are expressions that do not lend substance to the meaning of a sentence. On the other hand, they are distinct from jargon which usually forms a specialized language for technical use. Clichés become rhetorical crutches when strung throughout conversation. Speaker and listener alike are usually unaware of the mind-numbing effect of uninspired clichéd rhetoric as the conversation drones on. There are many, many clichés. Some arise through contemporary everyday usage while others wane over time in a reverse way. So, why use clichés? Maybe from habit. Maybe from laziness. Either way, they are verbal expressions stemming from pop culture. They tend to say little, but they sound good in the process. Complex issues are reduced to rational-sounding phrases by means of clichés. Clichés are a shorthand means of communication. They can mean a thousand things, or they can mean nothing. Frequently, they serve as fillers occupying time and space in conversation signifying little. When not otherwise justifying poor or lazy thinking, clichés in their more sinister form are a way of dismissing dissent or opposition. Clichés may take on the form of butchered platitudes as in “A doctor a day keeps illness away.” Mixed clichés, like mixed metaphors, grate on the brain. They usually result from misunderstanding the meaning of the expression. You never want to “sign your own death knell.” You just might “get your dandruff up.” And, surely, “violence is not as American as apple pie.” On the other hand, you could be “busy as a bee” while “working like a dog.” Here are some common clichés heard in everyday conversation together with possible renderings. “Moving forward...” Let’s not talk about it any more. Change the subject. “Do the right thing..” Let’s do what I think is best. “Send a message...” Why send a message? Just talk straight say what needs to be said. “On steroids...” Exaggerated, bigger than life. The senate health care bill is Medicare on steroids. “Sweet!” A sugary expletive. “It’s for the children...” A nonsensical phrase usually uttered by politicians and bureaucrats. Not much in use since the legislated massive debt our kids will inherit became the latest form of child abuse. “Foot in the door...” An initiation of something new, like takeover of health care, banking and auto industries. “Empower...” A faux redistribution of ability. “Going green...” How we’ll look and feel if Cap and Trade legislation is passed by the senate. “Carbon footprint...” Guilt smudges conveyed by radical environmentalists and politicians as they stomp on the private sector. “You got it...” Thanks for embracing my point of view. “Cowboy...” An independent, forthright, honorable guy -- except when liberals refer derisively to President Bush. “Make a difference...” An inane filler-term. Lenin, Stalin and Mao Tse-tung made a difference. Alternatively, doing nothing, as opposed to doing something, can also make a difference. “Racist...” A loose but effective epithet, warranted or not, used to silence the opposition or shut down honest criticism. Overused banality. “You know what I’m saying?...” Agree with me -- or else. Clichéd rhetoric is a ragged attempt at acceptable, verbal communication. Listen carefully to conversations around you. Better still, listen to the greatest perpetuators of all, the media pundits, and see how many clichés you can identify. Dennis M. Patrick can be contacted at P. O. Box 337, Stanley, ND 58784 or (JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

With Islam so prevalent in today’s news, this topic warrants scrutiny. The fact is that the Muslim population worldwide is expanding and shifting. It is prudent to familiarize ourselves with the reality of Islam. Consulting resources discussing the Islamic phenomenon would extend our comprehension. Here are a few suggestions. Mark Steyn’s book “America Alone” is very well thought out, insightful and witty. He portrays a demographic reality confronting the West, to wit, an expanding Muslim population in terms of birth rate and migration. Regardless of the reader’s sentiment, Steyn speaks bluntly to this reality. In the contest between Islam and the West, demographics plays a major role. Early in his book Steyn establishes that a country must produce 2.11 live births per adult woman just to sustain its population, to neither shrink nor grow. This is the American birth rate today. Canada has a shrinking birth rate at 1.48. The European birth rate as a whole is 1.38. Russia’s birth rate is declining at 1.14 live births per adult woman. On the other hand, Muslim Pakistan has a birth rate of 5.08 and Saudi Arabia 4.53 children per adult woman. At this rate their overpopulation will migrate to fill the gap of the declining populations of the West. That France has a 30% Muslim population under the age 20, and growing, is symptomatic of the problems to come not only in France but in every other European country with a declining birth rate and a lax immigration policy. Another suggested reading is V. S. Naipaul’s book “Among the Believers: An Islamic Journey.” Naipaul offers a refreshing glance at the root of modern Islamic events. Specifically, he begins immediately after the 1977 revolution in Iran when the Shaw was deposed by radical mullahs. This is travel literature at its best and the reader benefits from Naipaul’s valuable portrayal of Islamic people he encounters from Iran across India to Malaysia. Dispel any notion that he is a “biased Hindu.” If anything, he questions radical ideology rather than doubting the people. He is motivated more as a seeker of truth than as a scholar. As such, he expresses his doubts about certain interpretations of Islam. Another fine travelogue was penned by the eccentric Robert Byron in his book “The Road to Oxiana,” detailing a fascinating 1930s journey through Iraq, Iran and Afghanistan. Departing from Venice in 1933, Byron set out on a journey through Beirut, Jerusalem, Baghdad and Teheran to the land of Oxus. That is the ancient name for the region of the Amu Darya which forms part of the border between Afghanistan and the former Soviet Union. This is a thoroughly captivating record of his experience with Islamic people in a multicultural setting along with his account of architectural treasures and geography inaccessible to most Western travelers. If history holds your interest, another suggested reading portrays history from an Arab perspective. “The Travels of Ibn Battuta” translated and edited by Rev. Samuel Lee is a classic in travel literature. This tale is the equivalent of Marco Polo’s “Travels.” His account is of significant historical value. Sheik Battuta started on a pilgrimage to Mecca from Tangier, Morocco, in 1326 and ended his journey 27 years and 75,000 miles later. During his travels he visited the lands of every Muslim ruler of his time including East Africa, Byzantium, Iraq, southern Russia, India, Ceylon and China. Among his many accounts are descriptions of Muslim seafaring activities, architecture and agriculture. We may not be able to personally visit Islamic lands, but we may still learn of the people, culture and religion through the experiences of others who did traveled there once upon a time. It behooves us to learn of the past to peek at the future. Dennis M. Patrick can be contacted at P. O. Box 337, Stanley, ND 58784 or (JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address).